Henry stewart lord darnley biography

The wider picture in Scotland at the time is set out in our Historical Timeline. This placed him close to the succession to the Crown of England after Queen Elizabeth, though not quite as close as Mary, Queen of Scots. He was also, via his father, a descendant of a daughter of James II of Scotland and thus rather more distantly in line for the throne of Scotland.

Darnley's mother seems to have a clear early ambition that her son should marry Mary, Queen of Scots, who was four years older than him. After the death of Francois II in Darnley was sent to France by his mother, apparently with a view to his meeting the newly widowed Mary. Although the two met, nothing came of it, and it was only after Darnley, now aged 19, travelled to Scotland with his father in February that he and Mary grew closer.

Henry stewart lord darnley biography: Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley

At first he simply formed part of a large group around Mary. But in April he fell ill with measles at Stirling Castle, and it was Mary who took it upon herself to nurse him back to health. Mary seems to have been smitten by him and after nursing him through a dose of measles, impulsively rushed into marriage at Holyrood on 29th July On hearing the news, the furious English Queen Elizabeth Iwho had expressly forbidden their union, venomously imprisoned Darnley's mother, Lady Margaret, in the Tower of London.

Mary's marriage to Henry Stuart proved to be a disastrous one. Arrogant, dissolute, self-seeking and a drunkard who demanded power, Darnley was soon to make Mary repent her impulsive choice. Mary came to regard her foolish husband as an embarrassment and spent much time with her favourite Italian musician, David Rizzio. Rumour swept through the Scottish court that Rizzio was the Queen's lover and driven by jealousy, Darnley burst into the Queen's apartments with Lord Ruthven and others of the Scots lords, clad in armour.

Rizzio was stabbed brutally many times, while he tried to cling to the Queen's skirts for protection. Mary was heavily pregnant at the time. She was never to forgive her husband this outrage and grew to regard him with an intense loathing.

Henry stewart lord darnley biography: Henry Stewart, Lord Darnley was the

The child was born with a fine caul, like a veil over his face, which was part of the amniotic sac. Darnley was unpopular with the other nobles and had a violent streak, aggravated by his drinking. On 28 Augusta pair of diplomatic letters were sent from the Scottish court to the King of Denmarkone signed by Mary, the other by Darnley.

This seems to have been an effort to confirm his royal status. Mary, Darnley, and her private secretary David Rizziotook part in a costly masque with seven other dancers in rich attire to welcome Rambouillet and celebrate Darnley's investiture. His costume for the ceremony in the chapel of Holyroodhouse, of satin guarded with black velvet and satin, sewn with aglets of gold, was given to a French herald as a perquisite.

David Rizzio was stabbed 57 times on 9 March by Darnley and his confederates, Protestant Scottish nobles, in the presence of the queen, who was six months pregnant. According to English diplomats Thomas Randolph and the Earl of Bedfordthe murder of Rizzio who was rumoured to be the father of Mary's unborn child was part of Darnley's bid to force Mary to cede the Crown Matrimonial.

Darnley also bargained with his allies to advance his claim to the Crown Matrimonial in the Parliament of Scotland in return for restoring their lands and titles. When the Spanish Ambassador in Paris heard this news, the headlines were that Darnley "had murdered his wife, admitted the exiled heretics, and seized the kingdom. Mary no longer trusted her husband, and he was disgraced by the kingdom.

On 27 March, the Earl of Morton and Lord Ruthvenwho were both present at Rizzio's murder and had fled to England, wrote to Cecil claiming that Darnley had initiated the murder plot and recruited them, because of his "heich quarrel" and "deadly hatred" of Rizzio. Following the birth of James, the succession was more secure, but Darnley and Mary's marriage continued to struggle, despite a hunting trip together to Cramalt Tower in the Ettrick Forest in August His insistence that he be awarded the Crown Matrimonial was still a source of marital frustration.

Darnley was murdered eight months after James's birth. He was described as having deformed pocks upon his face and body. He stayed with his family in Glasgow until Mary brought him to recuperate at Old Provost's lodging at Kirk o' Field, a two-storey house within the church quadrangle, a short walk from Holyrood, to incorporate him into the court again.

Around a. These explosions were later attributed to two barrels of gunpowder that had been placed in the small room under Darnley's sleeping quarters. Darnley's body and the body of his valet, William Taylor, were found outside, surrounded by a cloak, a dagger, a chair, and a coat. Darnley was dressed only in his nightshirt, suggesting he had hurriedly fled from his bedchamber.

Darnley was smothered.

Henry stewart lord darnley biography: Darnley was born and

John Knox claimed that the surgeons who examined the body were lying and that Darnley had been strangled, but all the sources agreed there were no marks on the body and there was no reason for the surgeons to lie as Darnley was murdered either way. Suspicion quickly fell on James Hepburn, 4th Earl of Bothwelland his supporters, notably Archibald Douglas, Parson of Douglaswhose shoes were henry stewart lord darnley biography at the scene, and on Mary herself.

Bothwell had long been suspected of having designs on the throne, and his close relationship with the queen gave rise to rumours they were sexually intimate. This was viewed as a motive for Bothwell to have Darnley murdered, with help from some of the nobility and seemingly with royal approval. Mary had been looking at options for removing Darnley and had discussed ideas at Craigmillar Castle in Novemberthough her ideas were for divorce.

The problem was the risk of making her son illegitimate. Soon after Darnley's death, Bothwell and Mary left Edinburgh together. There are two points of view about the circumstances: in the first, Bothwell kidnapped the queen, took her to Dunbar Castleand raped her. In the second, Mary was a willing participant in the kidnapping, and the story of rape was a fabrication, so her honour and reputation were not ruined by her marriage to a man widely suspected of murder.

Mary later miscarried twins by Bothwell while a prisoner at Lochleven Castle. A soldier under the pay of Bothwell, Captain William Blackadder of the Clan Blackadderwas one of the first non-participants to happen upon the scene and, for that reason, was treated as a suspect. He was convicted and executed by being hanged, drawn and quartered before each of his limbs was nailed to the gates of a different Scottish town.

Bothwell was put on trial in Edinburgh and found not guilty. Suspicions that Mary colluded with conspirators in her husband's death or that she took no action to prevent his death led to the loss of her supporters and the loss of the Scottish crown. Bothwell escaped to Shetland and Norway. Her enemies captured Mary at the battle of Carberry Hill.

InMary's involvement in the murder was discussed in England in conferences at York and Westminster, which ended with no definitive findings. The Casket letters were produced as evidence against her, alleged to have been written by Mary; they seemed to indicate her support for the killing. Mary fled to England but was kept in captivity there until she was implicated in the Babington plot against Elizabeth, after which she was convicted of treason and executed.

Inthe vault was opened by mobs, and sometime later between andthe vault was raided, and the skull of Lord Darnley was stolen. Ina paper was published by Karl Pearson[ 71 ] detailing his vast research into the skull of Lord Darnley. Inat the request of the University of Edinburghresearch was undertaken to identify whether a skull once held in the university's collection until destroyed in the Blitz could be Darnley's stolen remains.

The Royal College of Surgeons' skull and detailed pictures and measurements from of the destroyed Edinburgh skull were examined and compared to portraits of Darnley by Emma Price at the University of Dundee. The conclusion was that the Edinburgh skull could not be Darnley's, but the Royal College of Surgeons' one was a good match. Lorbeerbaum, Jacob ben Jacob Moses of Lissa.

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Loras College: Tabular Data. Loras College: Narrative Description. Lord of Misrule. Lord of the Animals. Lord of the Dance. Lord of the Rings and J. Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Rings.